Effects of electromagnetic radiation on embryos of sea-urchins.

Koldayev VM, Shchepin YV,

Bioelectrochem Bioenerg 43:161-164, 1997

Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) causes a decrease in the number of fertilized eggs and an increase in the number of zygotes with abnormal fertilization envelopes in sea-urchins. The microstructural impairments of the cellular surface, the increase of lipid peroxidation and the changes of amino acid metabolism show that the impairments of the development of embryos exposed to EMR are caused by the damages of the membrane structures.